Harriet Tubman was an American abolitionist and social activist who was born in March 1822 in Dorchester County.
Tubman was born into slavery and was constantly beaten and whipped by her enslavers her whole life. Tubman escaped slavery in Philadelphia and decided to return to Maryland to help others escape as well. Slowly, one group at a time, she brought relatives with her out of the state, and eventually guided dozens of other enslaved people to freedom. Using a network of houses and paths, she created the Underground Railroad. Often called “Moses,” she traveled by night and in extreme secrecy, and later said she “never lost a passenger.”
Tubman began by helping free her family then, over time, she was able to move to different areas to free more enslaved people. As she moved forward, Tubman worked for the Union Army as a cook and nurse but then was able to become an armed scout and spy. She was given the credit as the first woman to lead an armed expedition in the war since she led the raid at Combahee Ferry in which she helped liberate 700 enslaved people.
After the Civil War, Tubman retired to take care of her parents although she was very active in the women’s suffrage movement up until she got sick. She became an icon for courage and freedom throughout the world. Tubman died of pneumonia on March 10, 1913.